Atomic Physics and Basic Quantum Theory

In this content, we first discuss Bohr's semi-classical theory of atomic structure with correction for finite nuclear mass. After that, the theory was supported by Bohr's corresponding principle. This successful theory of Bohr was then applied in several cases as the explanation of atomic line spectrum, the discovery of the neutron,.

etc. Lastly, the theory is extended to Sommerfeld's modification for explanation of fine structure of atomic spectra. Along with this discussion of atomic structure, we also studied about the occurrence of magnetic moment of the atom and the effect of external magnetic field on it regarding the splitting of atomic spectral line.

In this context, we discuss Normal Zeeman effect for strong field interaction and Paschen Back effect for intermediate field interaction. At the beginning of the discussion of Basic quantum theory, we focus on Heisenberg's uncertainty principle through the detailed discussion of wave particle duality. This principle was also supported by Heisenberg's thought experiment.

This uncertainty principle is then applied for an explanation of the non-existence of an electron within a nucleus. After that, the basic postulates of New quantum mechanics are discussed here before the development of Schrodinger's new quantum mechanics or wave mechanics. This Schrodinger equation was then applied in the equation of continuity in quantum mechanics and for an explanation of the stationary state.