Cancer Biology,Causes,Pathology and Histopathology

This course provides informations about biology, causes,common types , pathology and hallmarks of cancer. It also investigates the emerging field of cancer initiation, progression, and metastasis. Students will explore tumor micro-environment, which consists of non-cancerous cells, signaling molecules,fibroblasts, immune cells, endothelial cells and extracellular matrix components that support tumor growth and metastasis.

This course also explains the different types of tumors, including benign and malignant, and how histological examination can guide diagnosis and prognosis. Hallmarks of cancer are also descried in this course including Resisting cell death,Enabling replicative immortality,Inducing angiogenesis,Activating invasion and metastasis and Evading growth suppressors. Tumor staging is a way of describing the size and extent of cancer in the body.

It helps doctors determine the prognosis, decide on the treatment options, and evaluate treatment effectiveness. The most common system for staging cancer is the TNM system are also involved in this courseThis course include Tumor grading is a way to assess how abnormal the cancer cells look under a microscope and how quickly the tumor is likely to grow and spread. Grading gives doctors an idea of how aggressive the cancer is and can help determine the best course of treatment.

The grade of a tumor is typically determined by examining a biopsy sample from the tumor.