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The critical path is the longest chain of dependent activities through a project's schedule, which sets the earliest possible finish date and on which any delay delays the whole project.

A Gantt chart is a schedule drawn as horizontal bars against a calendar, one bar per activity, with dependencies drawn between them and progress shown along each bar.

A risk register is the project's living list of things that might happen and would matter, each with an estimate of likelihood and impact, a planned response, an owner and a review date.

A client brief is the short written statement of what a piece of work has to achieve, for whom, and under which fixed constraints, agreed before either side commits to a solution.

A statement of work is the document that commits one bounded piece of work to paper: what gets built, on which assumptions, to what deadline, for what money, and what sits outside it.

Scope creep is the quiet expansion of a priced piece of client work through additions that each look too minor to renegotiate, until what gets delivered is substantially larger than what was sold.